{"id":14063,"date":"2026-05-06T15:26:22","date_gmt":"2026-05-06T15:26:22","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/viqtor.eu\/transferts-de-donnees-vers-les-etats-unis-un-cadre-juridique-fragilise\/"},"modified":"2026-05-06T15:26:22","modified_gmt":"2026-05-06T15:26:22","slug":"transferts-de-donnees-vers-les-etats-unis-un-cadre-juridique-fragilise","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/viqtor.eu\/sk\/transferts-de-donnees-vers-les-etats-unis-un-cadre-juridique-fragilise\/","title":{"rendered":"Prenosy \u00fadajov do Spojen\u00fdch \u0161t\u00e1tov: oslaben\u00fd pr\u00e1vny r\u00e1mec."},"content":{"rendered":"

Pr\u00e1vny preh\u013ead \u010d. 80 \u2013 febru\u00e1r 2025.  <\/strong><\/p>\n

Prenosy \u00fadajov do Spojen\u00fdch \u0161t\u00e1tov: oslaben\u00fd pr\u00e1vny r\u00e1mec.<\/u><\/strong><\/h3>\n

5. febru\u00e1ra 19 poslancov Eur\u00f3pskeho parlamentu z cel\u00e9ho politick\u00e9ho spektra po\u017eiadalo Eur\u00f3psku komisiu, aby presk\u00famala, \u010di je \u201eR\u00e1mec ochrany \u00fadajov\u201c (DPF), ktor\u00fd upravuje transatlantick\u00e9 prenosy \u00fadajov, st\u00e1le \u017eivotaschopn\u00fd.<\/p>\n

Predseda V\u00fdboru pre ob\u010dianske slobody, spravodlivos\u0165 a vn\u00fatorn\u00e9 veci mu 6. febru\u00e1ra polo\u017eil podobn\u00fa ot\u00e1zku.<\/p>\n

Tieto ot\u00e1zky vyvolalo rozhodnutie Donalda Trumpa ukon\u010di\u0165 funk\u010dn\u00e9 obdobie troch demokratick\u00fdch \u010dlenov Rada pre doh\u013ead nad ochranou s\u00fakromia a ob\u010dianskych slob\u00f4d (PCLOB), ktor\u00e1 u\u017e nem\u00e1 kv\u00f3rum potrebn\u00e9 na fungovanie. <\/strong><\/p>\n

PCLOB sa v kontexte transatlantickej dohody pova\u017eoval za z\u00e1kladn\u00fd prostriedok na re\u0161pektovanie individu\u00e1lnych pr\u00e1v v ot\u00e1zkach hromadn\u00e9ho sledovania.<\/p>\n

Odvtedy sa americk\u00e9 z\u00e1ruky t\u00fdkaj\u00face sa ochrany \u00fadajov zdaj\u00fa by\u0165 \u010doraz krehkej\u0161ie.<\/p>\n

Pod\u013ea \u010dl\u00e1nku, ktor\u00fd 3. marca publikoval Euractiv, jeden zo sudcov odvolacieho org\u00e1nu PCLOB, S\u00fadu pre presk\u00famanie ochrany \u00fadajov, zmizol zo zoznamu sudcov na webovej str\u00e1nke a rezignoval aj \u0161peci\u00e1lny pr\u00e1vnik.<\/p>\n

Okrem toho, \u201eak Donald Trump neodvolal gener\u00e1lneho in\u0161pektora zodpovedn\u00e9ho za doh\u013ead nad spravodajsk\u00fdmi agent\u00farami, odvolal najmenej 17 \u010fal\u0161\u00edch\u201c a \u00fadajne boli prepusten\u00ed aj \u010dlenovia jednotky na ochranu s\u00fakromia \u201e\u00daradu pre person\u00e1lny mana\u017ement\u201c.<\/p>\n

Napokon, \u201eProjekt 2025\u201c, politick\u00fd program spojen\u00fd s Trumpovou administrat\u00edvou, ver\u00ed, \u017ee nastupuj\u00faci prezident by mal vypracova\u0165 \u0161t\u00fadiu \u201eBidenovho\u201c v\u00fdkonn\u00e9ho nariadenia t\u00fdkaj\u00faceho sa DPF a \u201eresetova\u0165 o\u010dak\u00e1vania Eur\u00f3py\u201c.<\/p>\n

Tento projekt tie\u017e pl\u00e1nuje pozastavi\u0165 ustanovenia, ktor\u00e9 neprimerane br\u00e1nia zhroma\u017e\u010fovaniu inform\u00e1ci\u00ed.<\/p>\n

Stoj\u00ed za to pripomen\u00fa\u0165, \u017ee nedostatok nez\u00e1visl\u00fdch kontroln\u00fdch a opravn\u00fdch mechanizmov t\u00fdkaj\u00facich sa americk\u00fdch spravodajsk\u00fdch agent\u00far bol d\u00f4vodom zru\u0161enia predch\u00e1dzaj\u00facej dohody, \u0160t\u00edtu na ochranu osobn\u00fdch \u00fadajov. <\/p>\n

Tieto r\u00f4zne faktory neve\u0161tia ni\u010d dobr\u00e9 pre \u017eivotaschopnos\u0165 transatlantickej dohody. Ot\u00e1zkou zost\u00e1va, kedy sa situ\u00e1cia ofici\u00e1lne objasn\u00ed.<\/p>\n

Eur\u00f3pska komisia zatia\u013e ml\u010d\u00ed, ale o\u010dak\u00e1va sa, \u017ee na parlamentn\u00e9 ot\u00e1zky odpovie do konca mesiaca.<\/p>\n

S\u00fadny dvor Eur\u00f3pskej \u00fanie, ktor\u00fd sa u\u017e touto z\u00e1le\u017eitos\u0165ou zaoberal, by mohol vyda\u0165 rozhodnutie v s\u00falade so svojimi dvoma predch\u00e1dzaj\u00facimi rozhodnutiami, ktor\u00e9 zru\u0161ili \u201ez\u00e1sady bezpe\u010dn\u00e9ho pr\u00edstavu\u201c a \u201e\u0161t\u00edt na ochranu osobn\u00fdch \u00fadajov\u201c, d\u00e1tum tohto rozhodnutia v\u0161ak st\u00e1le nie je zn\u00e1my.<\/p>\n

A \u010do org\u00e1ny na ochranu \u00fadajov?<\/p>\n

N\u00f3rsky \u00farad pre ochranu \u00fadajov (Datatilsynet) vydal 26. febru\u00e1ra vyhl\u00e1senie k tejto z\u00e1le\u017eitosti. Zopakoval, \u017ee rozhodnutie Eur\u00f3pskej komisie o primeranosti, ktor\u00fdm sa potvrdzuje transatlantick\u00e1 obchodn\u00e1 dohoda, zost\u00e1va v platnosti, k\u00fdm ho Eur\u00f3pska komisia alebo S\u00fadny dvor Eur\u00f3pskej \u00fanie (SDE\u00da) pr\u00edpadne nezru\u0161ia.<\/p>\n

Org\u00e1ny na ochranu \u00fadajov (DPA) s\u00fa t\u00fdmito rozhodnutiami viazan\u00e9 a nem\u00f4\u017eu zak\u00e1za\u0165 prenosy, ktor\u00e9 sa uskuto\u010d\u0148uj\u00fa v s\u00falade s rozhodnut\u00edm o primeranosti.<\/p>\n

Vzh\u013eadom na s\u00fa\u010dasn\u00fd kontext, APD napriek tomu rad\u00ed prev\u00e1dzkovate\u013eom \u00fadajov, aby si vypracovali strat\u00e9giu ukon\u010denia \u010dinnosti pre pr\u00edpad, \u017ee by s\u00fa\u010dasn\u00fd r\u00e1mec bol zru\u0161en\u00fd.<\/strong> preto\u017ee zmena by mohla nasta\u0165 bez prechodn\u00e9ho obdobia.<\/p>\n

Prv\u00fdm odpor\u00fa\u010dan\u00edm pre prev\u00e1dzkovate\u013eov \u00fadajov je dnes vypracova\u0165 komplexn\u00fd zoznam v\u0161etk\u00fdch prenosov \u00fadajov, ktor\u00e9 ich spolo\u010dnos\u0165 vykon\u00e1va. <\/strong><\/p>\n

T\u00e1to \u00faloha je n\u00e1ro\u010dn\u00e1, preto\u017ee Spojen\u00e9 \u0161t\u00e1ty s\u00fa teraz v\u0161adepr\u00edtomn\u00e9 v na\u0161om digit\u00e1lnom svete a podobne ako p\u00e1n Jourdain, aj my denne pren\u00e1\u0161ame d\u00e1ta bez toho, aby sme si to uvedomovali.<\/p>\n

Bude potrebn\u00e9 zoh\u013eadni\u0165 jasne identifikovan\u00fdch pr\u00edjemcov v Spojen\u00fdch \u0161t\u00e1toch, ale aj napr\u00edklad pou\u017e\u00edvanie americk\u00fdch \u201ecloudov\u00fdch\u201c slu\u017eieb na eur\u00f3pskej p\u00f4de a viacero zobrazovac\u00edch alebo pripojovac\u00edch slu\u017eieb, ako s\u00fa p\u00edsma Google, analytick\u00e9 n\u00e1stroje alebo mapy, alebo dokonca Facebook: S\u00fadny dvor Eur\u00f3pskej \u00fanie vo svojom rozhodnut\u00ed T-354\/22 ods\u00fadil Eur\u00f3psku komisiu za poru\u0161enie GDPR v s\u00favislosti s online registr\u00e1ciou na podujatie, ktor\u00e9 organizovala.<\/p>\n

Prostredn\u00edctvom hypertextov\u00e9ho odkazu \u201espoji\u0165 sa s Facebookom\u201c zobrazen\u00e9ho na domovskej str\u00e1nke \u201evytvorila podmienky umo\u017e\u0148uj\u00face prenos IP adresy \u017eiadate\u013ea spolo\u010dnosti Facebook\u201c a n\u00e1sledne do Spojen\u00fdch \u0161t\u00e1tov americk\u00fdch v obdob\u00ed, ke\u010f bol \u0161t\u00edt na ochranu osobn\u00fdch \u00fadajov neplatn\u00fd.<\/p>\n

Ak existuj\u00fa eur\u00f3pske alternat\u00edvy, m\u00f4\u017eu predstavova\u0165 zauj\u00edmav\u00e9 rie\u0161enie.<\/strong>Hovor\u00edme napr\u00edklad o eur\u00f3pskom cloude alebo certifikovanom franc\u00fazskom cloude.<\/p>\n

Pokia\u013e ide o sledovacie n\u00e1stroje, CNIL zverejnila zoznam anonymn\u00fdch n\u00e1strojov na meranie publika.<\/p>\n

V pr\u00edpadoch, ke\u010f je prenos na\u010falej nevyhnutn\u00fd, sa v\u00fdvozca bude musie\u0165 spo\u013eahn\u00fa\u0165 na n\u00e1stroje, ako s\u00fa \u0161tandardn\u00e9 zmluvn\u00e9 dolo\u017eky alebo z\u00e1v\u00e4zn\u00e9 firemn\u00e9 pravidl\u00e1, a vykona\u0165 anal\u00fdzu vplyvu presn\u00fdm zdokumentovan\u00edm riz\u00edk zachyt\u00e1vania \u00fadajov org\u00e1nmi cez Atlantik a poskytnut\u00fdch z\u00e1ruk, \u010do je obzvl\u00e1\u0161\u0165 n\u00e1ro\u010dn\u00e1 \u00faloha.<\/p>\n

CNIL 31. janu\u00e1ra zverejnila fin\u00e1lnu verziu svojej pr\u00edru\u010dky o posudzovan\u00ed vplyvov prenosov \u00fadajov mimo Eur\u00f3pskej \u00fanie.<\/p>\n

Podobne ako jeho n\u00f3rsky n\u00e1protivok je pravdepodobn\u00e9, \u017ee zverejn\u00ed odpor\u00fa\u010dania t\u00fdkaj\u00face sa nadch\u00e1dzaj\u00faceho medzin\u00e1rodn\u00e9ho v\u00fdvoja.<\/p>\n

 <\/strong><\/h4>\n

\"\"   <\/strong><\/h4>\n

Do navrhovan\u00e9ho z\u00e1kona proti obchodovaniu s drogami bol pr\u00e1ve predlo\u017een\u00fd pozme\u0148uj\u00faci n\u00e1vrh, ktor\u00e9ho cie\u013eom je prin\u00fati\u0165 platformy zavies\u0165 opatrenia, ktor\u00e9 umo\u017e\u0148uj\u00fa org\u00e1nom \u010dinn\u00fdm v trestnom konan\u00ed pr\u00edstup k \u00fadajom, najm\u00e4 k \u00fadajom o \u0161ifrovan\u00fdch slu\u017eb\u00e1ch zasielania spr\u00e1v. <\/strong><\/p>\n

V pripomienkach adresovan\u00fdch vl\u00e1de a poslancom parlamentu sa nieko\u013eko spolo\u010dnost\u00ed vr\u00e1tane spolo\u010dnost\u00ed Apple, Amazon, Google a Microsoft postavilo proti tomuto pozme\u0148uj\u00facemu n\u00e1vrhu s odvolan\u00edm sa na postoje Eur\u00f3pskeho v\u00fdboru pre ochranu \u00fadajov (EDPB) a Eur\u00f3pskeho dozorn\u00e9ho \u00faradn\u00edka pre ochranu \u00fadajov (EDPS) proti oslabeniu \u0161ifrovania medzi koncov\u00fdmi bodmi.<\/p>\n

N\u00e1vrh sa bude prerok\u00fava\u0165 na plen\u00e1rnom zasadnut\u00ed, ktor\u00e9 sa za\u010d\u00edna 17. marca.<\/p>\n

Tento v\u00fdvoj odr\u00e1\u017ea podobn\u00e9 vl\u00e1dne iniciat\u00edvy vo viacer\u00fdch eur\u00f3pskych krajin\u00e1ch, ako aj v Spojen\u00fdch \u0161t\u00e1toch (pozri ni\u017e\u0161ie, v\u00fdvoj na n\u00e1rodnej \u00farovni).<\/p>\n

CNIL pripomenula vyh\u013ead\u00e1va\u010du Qwant jeho povinnosti vypl\u00fdvaj\u00face z GDPR t\u00fdkaj\u00face sa anonymiz\u00e1cie \u00fadajov. <\/strong><\/p>\n

\u00dadaje, ktor\u00e9 spolo\u010dnos\u0165 pou\u017eila v s\u00favislosti s predajom reklamn\u00e9ho priestoru vo vyh\u013ead\u00e1va\u010di prev\u00e1dzkovanom prostredn\u00edctvom spolo\u010dnosti MICROSOFT, spolo\u010dnos\u0165 Qwant prezentovala ako anonymn\u00e9. <\/p>\n

CNIL poznamen\u00e1va, \u017ee \u201enapriek pr\u00edsnym opatreniam prijat\u00fdm v roku 2019 s cie\u013eom zabr\u00e1ni\u0165 op\u00e4tovnej identifik\u00e1cii os\u00f4b, prenesen\u00fd s\u00fabor \u00fadajov viedol k uplatneniu GDPR, a najm\u00e4 jeho \u010dl\u00e1nkov 12 a 13\u201c.<\/p>\n

Komisia sa domnieva, \u017ee ide o po\u010diato\u010dn\u00fa chybu v anal\u00fdze t\u00fdkaj\u00facu sa klasifik\u00e1cie prenesen\u00fdch \u00fadajov bez \u00famyslu ob\u00eds\u0165 ustanovenia GDPR, a preto neuklad\u00e1 \u017eiadnu sankciu.<\/p>\n

Komisia tie\u017e udelila realitnej kancel\u00e1rii pokutu 40 000 eur za nadmern\u00e9 monitorovanie svojich zamestnancov pomocou softv\u00e9ru (Time Doctor), ktor\u00fd zaznamen\u00e1val<\/strong> \u00fadajn\u00e9 obdobia ne\u010dinnosti a pravidelne si robili sn\u00edmky obrazovky svojho po\u010d\u00edta\u010da.<\/p>\n

Okrem toho boli zamestnanci neust\u00e1le zaznamen\u00e1van\u00ed.<\/p>\n

CNIL kritizuje zodpovedn\u00fa osobu najm\u00e4 za absenciu pos\u00fadenia vplyvu, absenciu pr\u00e1vneho z\u00e1kladu pre spracovanie a nedodr\u017eanie z\u00e1sady minimaliz\u00e1cie \u00fadajov.<\/p>\n

Zverejnila tie\u017e aktualiz\u00e1ciu svojich tabuliek o ochrane \u00fadajov a s\u00fahrnn\u00e9 zo\u0161ity z roku 2024, v ktor\u00fdch sa zameriava na svoje d\u00f4le\u017eit\u00e9 nov\u00e9 rozhodnutia, ako aj na z\u00e1klady vn\u00fatro\u0161t\u00e1tnej a eur\u00f3pskej judikat\u00fary v oblasti ochrany \u00fadajov.<\/p>\n

 <\/strong><\/h4>\n

\"\"<\/h4>\n

Eur\u00f3pske in\u0161tit\u00facie a org\u00e1ny <\/strong><\/h4>\n

V nadv\u00e4znosti na spr\u00e1vu o kontrole vhodnosti digit\u00e1lnej spravodlivosti zverejnen\u00fa 3. okt\u00f3bra 2024 Eur\u00f3pska komisia zva\u017euje vypracovanie nariadenia o digit\u00e1lnej spravodlivosti (\u201ez\u00e1kon o digit\u00e1lnej spravodlivosti\u201c) s cie\u013eom rie\u0161i\u0165 ot\u00e1zky ochrany spotrebite\u013ea v online prostred\u00ed, ako je automatick\u00e9 ukon\u010denie alebo obnovenie predplatn\u00e9ho a konverzia bezplatn\u00fdch sk\u00fa\u0161obn\u00fdch verzi\u00ed na platen\u00e9 predplatn\u00e9.<\/p>\n

\u00dadajne sa pripravuje verejn\u00e1 konzult\u00e1cia a predbe\u017en\u00e1 anal\u00fdza vplyvu.<\/p>\n

Komisia sa kone\u010dne rozhodla stiahnu\u0165 svoj n\u00e1vrh nariadenia o s\u00fakrom\u00ed a elektronick\u00fdch komunik\u00e1ci\u00e1ch, ktor\u00e9ho cie\u013eom bolo modernizova\u0165 a objasni\u0165 povinnosti vypl\u00fdvaj\u00face zo s\u00fa\u010dasnej smernice a z\u00e1rove\u0148 ich zos\u00faladi\u0165 so z\u00e1sadami GDPR.<\/p>\n

Text vyvolal kontroverziu, najm\u00e4 pokia\u013e ide o rozsah v\u00fdnimiek zo z\u00e1sad d\u00f4vernosti komunik\u00e1cie.<\/p>\n

Na stole s\u00fa nov\u00e9 legislat\u00edvne n\u00e1vrhy, ktor\u00fdch cie\u013eom je rie\u0161i\u0165 ot\u00e1zky s\u00fakromia a z\u00e1rove\u0148 oddeli\u0165 komer\u010dn\u00fd doh\u013ead od \u0161t\u00e1tneho doh\u013eadu.<\/p>\n

Smernica o zodpovednosti za umel\u00fa inteligenciu, ktorej cie\u013eom bolo aktualizova\u0165 pravidl\u00e1 E\u00da o bezpe\u010dnosti v\u00fdrobkov tak, aby sa vz\u0165ahovali na umel\u00fa inteligenciu a automatiz\u00e1ciu, je tie\u017e na zozname stiahnut\u00fdch legislat\u00edvnych n\u00e1vrhov.<\/p>\n

V s\u00falade so z\u00e1vermi par\u00ed\u017eskeho summitu o umelej inteligencii z febru\u00e1ra 2025 kladie pracovn\u00fd program Eur\u00f3pskej komisie na rok 2025 d\u00f4raz na konkurencieschopnos\u0165 s explicitn\u00fdm cie\u013eom podpori\u0165 hospod\u00e1rsky rast podporou inov\u00e1ci\u00ed.<\/p>\n

2. febru\u00e1ra nadobudli \u00fa\u010dinnos\u0165 prv\u00e9 ustanovenia nariadenia o umelej inteligencii vr\u00e1tane \u010dl\u00e1nku 5, ktor\u00fd sa zaober\u00e1 zak\u00e1zan\u00fdmi praktikami umelej inteligencie.<\/p>\n

O dva dni nesk\u00f4r Eur\u00f3pska komisia zverejnila usmernenia, v ktor\u00fdch na\u010drtla postupy umelej inteligencie pova\u017eovan\u00e9 za neprijate\u013en\u00e9 z d\u00f4vodu riz\u00edk, ktor\u00e9 predstavuj\u00fa pre eur\u00f3pske hodnoty a z\u00e1kladn\u00e9 pr\u00e1va.<\/p>\n

Nieko\u013eko org\u00e1nov na ochranu \u00fadajov (DPA), ktor\u00e9 sa z\u00fa\u010dastnili summitu o umelej inteligencii, vydalo spolo\u010dn\u00e9 vyhl\u00e1senie po diskusii za okr\u00fahlym stolom \u201eo zaveden\u00ed spo\u013eahliv\u00fdch r\u00e1mcov spr\u00e1vy \u00fadajov na podporu rozvoja inovat\u00edvnej a s\u00fakromne chr\u00e1niacej umelej inteligencie\u201c, v ktorom zd\u00f4raznili potrebu integrova\u0165 z\u00e1sady ochrany s\u00fakromia u\u017e od f\u00e1zy n\u00e1vrhu syst\u00e9mov umelej inteligencie a zavies\u0165 robustn\u00e9 intern\u00e9 r\u00e1mce spr\u00e1vy \u00fadajov.<\/p>\n

Z\u00e1rove\u0148 EDPB 12. febru\u00e1ra ozn\u00e1mil, \u017ee roz\u0161iruje rozsah p\u00f4sobnosti svojej pracovnej skupiny ChatGPT na uplat\u0148ovanie umelej inteligencie a zria\u010fuje \u201et\u00edm r\u00fdchlej reakcie na koordin\u00e1ciu opatren\u00ed org\u00e1nov na ochranu \u00fadajov\u201c v s\u00favislosti s naliehav\u00fdmi citliv\u00fdmi ot\u00e1zkami s\u00favisiacimi s umelou inteligenciou.<\/p>\n

EDPB za\u010diatkom marca ozn\u00e1mil spustenie koordinovan\u00fdch kontrol na rok 2025 t\u00fdkaj\u00facich sa pr\u00e1va na vymazanie.<\/p>\n

Toto opatrenie nadv\u00e4zuje na koordinovan\u00e9 opatrenia t\u00fdkaj\u00face sa vyu\u017e\u00edvania cloudu verejn\u00fdm sektorom (2022), ur\u010denia a \u00falohy zodpovedn\u00fdch os\u00f4b (2023) a pr\u00e1va na pr\u00edstup (2024).<\/p>\n

V\u00fdskumn\u00e1 slu\u017eba Eur\u00f3pskeho parlamentu zverejnila 26. febru\u00e1ra informa\u010dn\u00fa spr\u00e1vu o nap\u00e4t\u00ed medzi predch\u00e1dzan\u00edm algoritmickej diskrimin\u00e1cii a zaobch\u00e1dzan\u00edm so \u0161peci\u00e1lnymi kateg\u00f3riami \u00fadajov.<\/p>\n

Dokument identifikuje nejasnosti t\u00fdkaj\u00face sa spolo\u010dn\u00e9ho uplat\u0148ovania nariadenia o umelej inteligencii a GDPR, ktor\u00e9 si m\u00f4\u017eu vy\u017eadova\u0165 legislat\u00edvnu reformu alebo dodato\u010dn\u00e9 usmernenia.<\/p>\n

D\u0148a 27. febru\u00e1ra vydal S\u00fadny dvor E\u00da d\u00f4le\u017eit\u00e9 rozhodnutie t\u00fdkaj\u00face sa rozsahu pr\u00e1v jednotlivcov dotknut\u00fdch automatizovan\u00fdm rozhodnut\u00edm.<\/p>\n

Vo veci C 203\/22 Dun & Bradstreet Austria S\u00fadny dvor objas\u0148uje, \u017ee \u010dl\u00e1nok 15(1)(h) GDPR \u201epon\u00faka dotknutej osobe skuto\u010dn\u00e9 pr\u00e1vo na vysvetlenie fungovania mechanizmu, ktor\u00fd je z\u00e1kladom automatizovan\u00e9ho rozhodovacieho procesu, ktor\u00e9mu bola t\u00e1to osoba vystaven\u00e1, a v\u00fdsledku, ku ktor\u00e9mu toto rozhodnutie viedlo\u201c (bod 57).<\/p>\n

\u00dadaje chr\u00e1nen\u00fdch tret\u00edch str\u00e1n alebo obchodn\u00e9 tajomstvo nezbavuj\u00fa prev\u00e1dzkovate\u013ea povinnosti poskytn\u00fa\u0165 konkr\u00e9tne vysvetlenia: prev\u00e1dzkovate\u013e je \u201epovinn\u00fd ozn\u00e1mi\u0165 tieto \u00fadajne chr\u00e1nen\u00e9 inform\u00e1cie pr\u00edslu\u0161n\u00e9mu dozorn\u00e9mu org\u00e1nu alebo s\u00fadu, ktor\u00fd je zodpovedn\u00fd za zv\u00e1\u017eenie dotknut\u00fdch pr\u00e1v a z\u00e1ujmov s cie\u013eom ur\u010di\u0165 rozsah pr\u00e1va dotknutej osoby na pr\u00edstup k \u00fadajom stanoven\u00e9ho v \u010dl\u00e1nku 15 GDPR\u201c (bod 67).<\/p>\n

S\u00fadny dvor E\u00da 13. febru\u00e1ra tie\u017e rozhodol, \u017ee dozorn\u00e9 org\u00e1ny a s\u00fady musia pri stanovovan\u00ed v\u00fd\u0161ky pok\u00fat zoh\u013eadni\u0165 skuto\u010dnos\u0165, \u017ee prev\u00e1dzkovate\u013e je s\u00fa\u010das\u0165ou podniku v zmysle \u010dl\u00e1nkov 101 a 102 Zmluvy o fungovan\u00ed Eur\u00f3pskej \u00fanie (ZFE\u00da).<\/p>\n

Okrem toho musia maxim\u00e1lnu v\u00fd\u0161ku pok\u00fat ur\u010di\u0165 na z\u00e1klade obratu spolo\u010dnosti, a nie na z\u00e1klade obratu prev\u00e1dzkovate\u013ea \u00fadajov.<\/p>\n

Gener\u00e1lny advok\u00e1t S\u00fadneho dvora E\u00da sa 6. febru\u00e1ra podelil o svoje z\u00e1very vo veci EDPS proti SRB (C-413\/23 P).<\/p>\n

Pr\u00edpad sa t\u00fdka toho, \u010di pseudonymizovan\u00e9 \u00fadaje, ktor\u00e9 agent\u00fara E\u00da, Jednotn\u00e1 rada pre rie\u0161enie kr\u00edzov\u00fdch situ\u00e1ci\u00ed, preniesla svojej konzulta\u010dnej firme Deloitte, predstavuj\u00fa z poh\u013eadu spolo\u010dnosti Deloitte osobn\u00e9 \u00fadaje.<\/p>\n

Valn\u00e9 zhroma\u017edenie sa zameriava na primeran\u00e9 prostriedky, ktor\u00e9 m\u00e1 pr\u00edjemca k dispoz\u00edcii na identifik\u00e1ciu dotknut\u00fdch os\u00f4b, pri\u010dom prij\u00edma v\u00fdrazne u\u017e\u0161\u00ed v\u00fdklad pojmu osobn\u00e9 \u00fadaje ako EDPS a EDPB. Kone\u010dn\u00e9 rozhodnutie sa o\u010dak\u00e1va pred letom.<\/p>\n

 <\/strong><\/h4>\n

Spr\u00e1vy z \u010dlensk\u00fdch kraj\u00edn Eur\u00f3pskej \u00fanie. <\/strong><\/h4>\n

Rozhodnutie nemeck\u00e9ho s\u00fadu (OLG Dresden\/Nemecko (Az.: 4 U 940\/24) potvrdzuje, \u017ee prev\u00e1dzkovatelia \u00fadajov s\u00fa zodpovedn\u00ed nielen za svoje vlastn\u00e9 konanie, ale aj za konanie svojich subdod\u00e1vate\u013eov. <\/strong><\/p>\n

S\u00fad zd\u00f4raznil, \u017ee nesta\u010d\u00ed d\u00f4verova\u0165 subdod\u00e1vate\u013eovi bez overenia, ako v tomto pr\u00edpade, \u010di na konci zmluvy skuto\u010dne vymazal \u00fadaje zadan\u00e9 subdod\u00e1vate\u013eovi.<\/p>\n

D\u00f4sledky nedostato\u010dn\u00e9ho overenia m\u00f4\u017eu pretrv\u00e1va\u0165 dlho po prvotnom incidente, ako to bolo v tomto pr\u00edpade po hackerskom \u00fatoku, ktor\u00fd sp\u00f4sobil \u00fanik \u00fadajov, po ktorom nasledovalo s\u00fadne konanie a po\u0161kodenie reput\u00e1cie prev\u00e1dzkovate\u013ea \u00fadajov.<\/p>\n

V \u0160panielsku ulo\u017eil \u00farad pre n\u00fadzov\u00e9 policajn\u00e9 aktivity (APD) pokutu mobiln\u00e9mu oper\u00e1torovi Orange vo v\u00fd\u0161ke 1,2 mili\u00f3na eur za to, \u017ee nezabr\u00e1nil vydaniu duplik\u00e1tu SIM karty tretej strane, ktor\u00e1 ju pou\u017eila na pr\u00edstup k bankov\u00e9mu \u00fa\u010dtu dotknutej osoby.<\/p>\n

APD us\u00fadil, \u017ee prev\u00e1dzkovate\u013e nezaviedol vhodn\u00e9 ochrann\u00e9 opatrenia.<\/p>\n

Aj v \u0160panielsku ulo\u017eil \u00farad pre opatrovanie (APD) nieko\u013eko pok\u00fat skupine dru\u017estevn\u00fdch bankov\u00fdch spolo\u010dnost\u00ed Caja Rural za poru\u0161enie GDPR po \u00faniku \u00fadajov z d\u00f4vodu nedostato\u010dn\u00fdch bezpe\u010dnostn\u00fdch opatren\u00ed a zranite\u013enosti v IT syst\u00e9me.<\/p>\n

V tomto pr\u00edpade APD pova\u017eovala ka\u017ed\u00e9ho bankov\u00e9ho \u010dlena dru\u017estevnej skupiny za individu\u00e1lne zodpovedn\u00e9ho, hoci v\u0161etci vyu\u017e\u00edvali toho ist\u00e9ho poskytovate\u013ea IT slu\u017eieb, a ulo\u017eila sankcie v rozmedz\u00ed od 6 200 eur do 400 000 eur v z\u00e1vislosti od po\u010dtu z\u00e1kazn\u00edkov a r\u00fdchlosti reakcie b\u00e1nk.<\/p>\n

Gr\u00e9cky \u00farad na ochranu \u00fadajov (APD) prijal rozhodnutie zameran\u00e9 na u\u013eah\u010denie uplat\u0148ovania individu\u00e1lnych pr\u00e1v u spolo\u010dnosti Google.<\/p>\n

Nariadila spolo\u010dnosti odstr\u00e1ni\u0165 odkazy zobrazuj\u00face sa vo v\u00fdsledkoch vyh\u013ead\u00e1vania pre meno danej osoby a nariadila spolo\u010dnosti Google, aby zmenila svoj postup pri \u017eiadosti o odstr\u00e1nenie povolen\u00edm pr\u00edloh, poskytovan\u00edm priamych kontaktn\u00fdch inform\u00e1ci\u00ed a ukon\u010den\u00edm automatick\u00fdch odpoved\u00ed.<\/p>\n

V Holandsku zdie\u013eal expert na kybernetick\u00fa bezpe\u010dnos\u0165 (a b\u00fdval\u00fd ved\u00faci civilnej spravodajskej slu\u017eby) na platforme Bluesky sn\u00edmka obrazovky, ktor\u00e1 odha\u013euje, \u017ee slu\u017eba Google Analytics zhroma\u017e\u010fuje \u00fadaje o uch\u00e1dza\u010doch o zamestnanie v r\u00e1mci civiln\u00fdch a vojensk\u00fdch spravodajsk\u00fdch slu\u017eieb krajiny.<\/p>\n

T\u00e1to inform\u00e1cia viedla poslanca k tomu, aby po\u017eiadal ministra vn\u00fatra o objasnenie.<\/p>\n

Po\u013esk\u00fd \u00farad na ochranu \u00fadajov (APD) udelil prev\u00e1dzkovate\u013eovi webovej str\u00e1nky pokutu 350 000 eur (1 527 855 PLN) a jeho subdod\u00e1vate\u013eovi 4 590 eur (20 037 PLN) za poru\u0161enie bezpe\u010dnosti \u00fadajov po tom, \u010do nespr\u00e1vna konfigur\u00e1cia webovej str\u00e1nky viedla k \u00faniku \u00fadajov, ktor\u00fd postihol 21 453 \u013eud\u00ed.<\/p>\n

V Rumunsku dostala spolo\u010dnos\u0165 Unicredit pokutu 15 000 eur (74 652 lei) za dva \u00faniky \u00fadajov v d\u00f4sledku intern\u00fdch aplik\u00e1ci\u00ed.<\/p>\n

Tieto neboli pred nasaden\u00edm testovan\u00e9 a APD penalizuje nedodr\u017eanie \u010dl\u00e1nku 25(1) GDPR, ktor\u00fd vy\u017eaduje ochranu \u00fadajov u\u017e od n\u00e1vrhu (\u201eprivacy by design\u201c).<\/p>\n

Po pr\u00edkaze britskej vl\u00e1dy prelomi\u0165 \u0161ifrovanie iCloudu spolo\u010dnos\u0165 Apple pr\u00e1ve stiahla z Ve\u013ekej Brit\u00e1nie cel\u00fa svoju pokro\u010dil\u00fa bezpe\u010dnostn\u00fa funkciu.<\/p>\n

Nariadenie sa t\u00fdkalo konkr\u00e9tne funkcie zavedenej v roku 2023, ktor\u00e1 umo\u017e\u0148uje pou\u017e\u00edvate\u013eom iCloudu zvoli\u0165 si end-to-end \u0161ifrovanie v\u0161etk\u00fdch \u00fadajov ulo\u017een\u00fdch v cloude spolo\u010dnosti a zabezpe\u010duje, \u017ee k \u00fadajom nem\u00e1 pr\u00edstup \u017eiadna tretia strana vr\u00e1tane spolo\u010dnosti Apple.<\/p>\n

Spolo\u010dnos\u0165 mala na v\u00fdber medzi odstr\u00e1nen\u00edm funkcie \u0161ifrovania alebo vytvoren\u00edm zadn\u00fdch vr\u00e1tok, ktor\u00e9 by ohrozili \u0161ifrovanie pre v\u0161etk\u00fdch pou\u017e\u00edvate\u013eov na celom svete, pri\u010dom druh\u00e1 mo\u017enos\u0165 bola pre Apple vyl\u00fa\u010den\u00e1.<\/p>\n

Z\u00e1rove\u0148 \u0160v\u00e9dsko vy\u017eaduje aj zadn\u00e9 vr\u00e1tka, \u010do viedlo spolo\u010dnos\u0165 Signal k varovaniu, \u017ee v pr\u00edpade prijatia takejto legislat\u00edvy opust\u00ed krajinu.<\/p>\n

Dodajme, \u017ee Spojen\u00e9 \u0161t\u00e1ty pod\u013ea \u010dl\u00e1nku Forbesu z 24. febru\u00e1ra sleduj\u00fa rovnak\u00fd cie\u013e, ktor\u00fdm je pr\u00edstup k \u0161ifrovan\u00fdm \u00fadajom.<\/p>\n

 <\/h4>\n

\"\"<\/strong><\/h4>\n

Ju\u017en\u00e1 K\u00f3rea pr\u00e1ve prijala z\u00e1kon o umelej inteligencii, ktor\u00fd nadobudne \u00fa\u010dinnos\u0165 v janu\u00e1ri 2026.<\/p>\n

Z\u00e1kon je v s\u00falade s eur\u00f3pskym nariaden\u00edm o umelej inteligencii: zav\u00e1dza povinnosti pre spolo\u010dnosti zaoberaj\u00face sa umelou inteligenciou, najm\u00e4 pre umel\u00fa inteligenciu s vysok\u00fdm dopadom a generat\u00edvnu umel\u00fa inteligenciu, s d\u00f4razom na riadenie riz\u00edk, ochranu pou\u017e\u00edvate\u013eov a transparentnos\u0165.<\/p>\n

IAPP informuje, \u017ee skupina americk\u00fdch sen\u00e1torov, ktor\u00ed zasadaj\u00fa vo \u201eV\u00fdbore Sen\u00e1tu pre spravodajsk\u00e9 slu\u017eby\u201c, poslala 5. febru\u00e1ra Bielemu domu list, v ktorom \u201evyjadrila znepokojenie nad rizikami pre s\u00fakromie a n\u00e1rodn\u00fa bezpe\u010dnos\u0165, ktor\u00e9 predstavuje ned\u00e1vno vytvoren\u00e9 Ministerstvo pre efekt\u00edvnos\u0165 vl\u00e1dy\u201c (DOGE).<\/p>\n

V liste sa tvrd\u00ed, \u017ee konanie DOGE predstavuje riziko odhalenia utajovan\u00fdch a in\u00fdch citliv\u00fdch inform\u00e1ci\u00ed, ohrozenia n\u00e1rodnej bezpe\u010dnosti a naru\u0161enia s\u00fakromia Ameri\u010danov.<\/p>\n

V s\u00fa\u010dasnosti prebieha nieko\u013eko s\u00fadnych sporov t\u00fdkaj\u00facich sa nez\u00e1konn\u00e9ho pr\u00edstupu k \u00fadajom spracov\u00e1van\u00fdm t\u00fdmito agent\u00farami.<\/p>\n

\u017diadosti spravodajsk\u00fdch slu\u017eieb o \u00fadaje, ktor\u00e9 m\u00e1 GAFAM k dispoz\u00edcii, v posledn\u00fdch rokoch prudko vzr\u00e1stli.<\/p>\n

Vypl\u00fdva to zo \u0161t\u00fadie publikovanej spolo\u010dnos\u0165ou Proton, ktor\u00e1 vych\u00e1dza zo spr\u00e1v o transparentnosti spolo\u010dnost\u00ed Apple, Meta a Google v rokoch 2014 a\u017e 2024.<\/p>\n

Ako zd\u00f4raz\u0148uje 01net, tieto spolo\u010dnosti s\u00fa pod\u013ea americk\u00e9ho pr\u00e1va (FISA, Cloud Act) povinn\u00e9 reagova\u0165 na \u017eiadosti \u00faradov, ktor\u00e9 chc\u00fa ma\u0165 pr\u00edstup k telefonick\u00fdm nahr\u00e1vkam, textov\u00fdm spr\u00e1vam, e-mailom alebo cloudov\u00fdm z\u00e1loh\u00e1m.<\/p>\n

\u201e\u017diadosti o pr\u00edstup k \u00fadajom pou\u017e\u00edvate\u013eov (akejko\u013evek \u0161t\u00e1tnej pr\u00edslu\u0161nosti), ako s\u00fa e-maily alebo spr\u00e1vy, ktor\u00e9 spolo\u010dnosti Google, Apple a Meta predlo\u017eili americk\u00fdm \u00faradom za posledn\u00fdch desa\u0165 rokov, sa v pr\u00edpade t\u00fdchto troch spolo\u010dnost\u00ed (...) v priemere zv\u00fd\u0161ili o... 600 %.\u201c<\/p>\n

Malajzijsk\u00e9 pr\u00e1vo o ochrane osobn\u00fdch \u00fadajov bolo posilnen\u00e9 s cie\u013eom v\u00fdrazne zv\u00fd\u0161i\u0165 pr\u00e1vomoci regula\u010dn\u00e9ho org\u00e1nu a posilni\u0165 pr\u00e1va jednotlivcov.<\/p>\n

Bude implementovan\u00fd v troch f\u00e1zach po\u010das prvej polovice roku 2025, a to 1. janu\u00e1ra, potom 1. apr\u00edla a 1. j\u00fana.<\/p>\n

Vy\u0161etrovanie \u201esledovac\u00edch s\u00faborov\u201c, ktor\u00e9 vykonalo nieko\u013eko medzin\u00e1rodn\u00fdch m\u00e9di\u00ed vr\u00e1tane Le Monde, France Info a franc\u00fazskeho spravodajsk\u00e9ho programu 20:00, odha\u013euje rozsah sledovania a podrobnosti o osobn\u00fdch \u00fadajoch spracov\u00e1van\u00fdch sprostredkovate\u013emi \u00fadajov.<\/p>\n

Geolokovan\u00e9 osobn\u00e9 \u00fadaje mili\u00f3nov pou\u017e\u00edvate\u013eov sa zhroma\u017e\u010fuj\u00fa za podmienok, ktor\u00e9 \u010dasto nie s\u00fa ve\u013emi transparentn\u00e9: napr\u00edklad hranie online na smartf\u00f3ne pomocou aplik\u00e1cie m\u00f4\u017ee generova\u0165 prenos \u00fadajov, ako s\u00fa \u010dasy pripojenia, model smartf\u00f3nu alebo geografick\u00e1 poloha, prvky zhroma\u017eden\u00e9 v gigantick\u00fdch s\u00faboroch pred\u00e1van\u00fdch makl\u00e9rmi, ako je American Datastream Group.<\/p>\n

V tomto najnov\u0161om s\u00fabore je zahrnut\u00fdch viac ako 47 mili\u00f3nov \u013eud\u00ed.<\/p>\n

Ovplyvnen\u00e9 m\u00f4\u017eu by\u0165 \u00fadaje ka\u017ed\u00e9ho, ale aj \u00fadajov diplomatov, vojensk\u00e9ho person\u00e1lu alebo novin\u00e1rov.<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Pr\u00e1vna spr\u00e1va \u010d. 80 \u2013 febru\u00e1r 2025. Prenos \u00fadajov do Spojen\u00fdch \u0161t\u00e1tov: oslaben\u00fd pr\u00e1vny r\u00e1mec. 5. febru\u00e1ra 19 \u010dlenov Eur\u00f3pskeho parlamentu z cel\u00e9ho politick\u00e9ho spektra po\u017eiadalo Eur\u00f3psku komisiu, aby presk\u00famala, \u010di r\u00e1mec ochrany \u00fadajov (DPF), ktor\u00fd upravuje prenos \u00fadajov do Spojen\u00fdch \u0161t\u00e1tov, posta\u010duje na zachovanie pr\u00e1vneho r\u00e1mca pre spracovanie \u00fadajov.<\/p>","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":14059,"comment_status":"","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[35],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-14063","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-veille-juridique"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"\nTransferts de donn\u00e9es vers les Etats-Unis : un cadre juridique fragilis\u00e9. - Viqtor<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Transferts de donn\u00e9es vers les Etats-Unis : un cadre juridique fragilis\u00e9. - 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