{"id":5477,"date":"2023-04-19T12:48:51","date_gmt":"2023-04-19T12:48:51","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/exciting-panini.13-37-234-21.plesk.page\/?p=5477"},"modified":"2024-07-26T10:48:37","modified_gmt":"2024-07-26T10:48:37","slug":"le-cloud-act-et-les-entreprises-europeennes","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/viqtor.eu\/lv\/makonpakalpojumu-likums-un-eiropas-uznemumi\/","title":{"rendered":"CLOUD likums un Eiropas uz\u0146\u0113mumi: k\u0101da ir t\u0101 piem\u0113ro\u0161anas joma?"},"content":{"rendered":"
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\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\"CLOUD\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t
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CLOUD likums un Eiropas uz\u0146\u0113mumi: k\u0101da ir t\u0101 piem\u0113ro\u0161anas joma?<\/h1>\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t
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Juridisk\u0101 uzraudz\u012bba Nr.\u00a040\u00a0\u2014 2021. gada oktobris<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

CLOUD likums un Eiropas uz\u0146\u0113mumi: k\u0101da ir t\u0101 piem\u0113ro\u0161anas joma?<\/strong>Datu dematerializ\u0101cijai un to glab\u0101\u0161anai \u201cm\u0101ko\u0146os\u201d ir fundament\u0101las un sare\u017e\u0123\u012btas sekas uz uz\u0146\u0113mumu saist\u012bb\u0101m.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Pat ja dati tiek glab\u0101ti Eirop\u0101, tie nav im\u016bni pret tre\u0161\u0101s valsts piepras\u012bjumu tos izpaust juridisk\u0101 kontekst\u0101.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Arvien aktu\u0101l\u0101kais digit\u0101l\u0101s suverenit\u0101tes jaut\u0101jums \u012bpa\u0161i atbalsojas Amerikas Savienoto Valstu ties\u012bbu aktu att\u012bst\u012bb\u0101, \u0146emot v\u0113r\u0101 CLOUD likumu un t\u0101 ekstrateritori\u0101lo piem\u0113ro\u0161anas jomu.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

K\u0101dos apst\u0101k\u013cos amerik\u0101\u0146u uz\u0146\u0113muma meitasuz\u0146\u0113mums Eirop\u0101 vai, glu\u017ei pret\u0113ji, Eiropas uz\u0146\u0113muma meitasuz\u0146\u0113mums Amerik\u0101 var tikt spiests pazi\u0146ot savus datus Amerikas iest\u0101d\u0113m?<\/p>\n\n\n\n

CLOUD likums (Clarifying Legal Overseas Use of Data \u2014 skaidrojums par datu likum\u012bgu izmanto\u0161anu \u0101rzem\u0113s) tika pie\u0146emts Amerikas Savienotaj\u0101s Valst\u012bs 2018.\u00a0gada mart\u0101. T\u0101 m\u0113r\u0137is ir \u013caut ASV krimin\u0101lties\u012bbu iest\u0101d\u0113m piek\u013c\u016bt datiem no ASV m\u0101ko\u0146pakalpojumu sniedz\u0113jiem neatkar\u012bgi no t\u0101, kur dati tiek glab\u0101ti, un bez nepiecie\u0161am\u012bbas uzs\u0101kt tiesved\u012bbu, izmantojot starptautisko savstarp\u0113jo tiesisko pal\u012bdz\u012bbu.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Neilgi pirms CLOUD likuma pie\u0146em\u0161anas Microsoft atteic\u0101s sniegt ASV iest\u0101d\u0113m datus, kas glab\u0101jas t\u0101 \u012arijas m\u0101kon\u012b, atsaucoties uz ASV ties\u012bbu aktu nepiem\u0113ro\u0161anu datiem, kas glab\u0101jas Eirop\u0101, kas izrais\u012bja ilgsto\u0161as tiesved\u012bbas.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

CLOUD likums preciz\u0113 un papla\u0161ina t\u0101 darb\u012bbas jomu, lai nov\u0113rstu \u0161\u0101da veida situ\u0101cijas.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Teksts ar\u012b \u013cauj \u0101rvalst\u012bm piek\u013c\u016bt datiem no m\u0101ko\u0146pakalpojumu sniedz\u0113jiem, kas atrodas ASV, bez nepiecie\u0161am\u012bbas iesniegt savstarp\u0113jas tiesisk\u0101s pal\u012bdz\u012bbas piepras\u012bjumu divpus\u0113ja nol\u012bguma gad\u012bjum\u0101.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u0160\u0101da veida nol\u012bgums nesen tika nosl\u0113gts starp Amerikas Savienotaj\u0101m Valst\u012bm un Apvienoto Karalisti, un tas ir pirmais \u0161\u0101da veida nol\u012bgums.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

CLOUD likums attiecas uz jebkuru ASV uz\u0146\u0113mumu ASV ties\u012bbu aktu izpratn\u0113, t.\u00a0i., uz\u0146\u0113mumu, kas re\u0123istr\u0113ts Amerikas Savienotaj\u0101s Valst\u012bs, un uz\u0146\u0113mumiem, kurus tas kontrol\u0113.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

T\u0101d\u0113\u013c Eiropas meitasuz\u0146\u0113mums vai Eiropas uz\u0146\u0113mums, ko kontrol\u0113 Amerikas uz\u0146\u0113mums, var b\u016bt \u0161\u012b likuma subjekts, kas neizb\u0113gami rad\u012bs ties\u012bbu normu kol\u012bzijas tikt\u0101l, cikt\u0101l \u0161ie uz\u0146\u0113mumi ir pak\u013cauti ar\u012b GDPR.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

J\u0101\u0146em v\u0113r\u0101, ka \u0161\u012b koncepcija attiecas ar\u012b uz Eiropas uz\u0146\u0113mumiem, kuriem ir \u201ckl\u0101tb\u016btne\u201d Amerikas Savienotaj\u0101s Valst\u012bs, kas iev\u0113rojami papla\u0161ina t\u0101s darb\u012bbas jomu.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

To nor\u0101da Eiropas Datu aizsardz\u012bbas komiteja 2019.\u00a0gada nost\u0101j\u0101, k\u0101 ar\u012b \u0160veices Tieslietu ministrija pavisam nesen\u0101, 2021.\u00a0gada 17.\u00a0septembra p\u0113t\u012bjum\u0101 par CLOUD likumu.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u0160o nenoteikt\u012bbu par CLOUD likuma darb\u012bbas jomu pau\u017e pati Amerikas Savienoto Valstu Tieslietu ministrija 2019.\u00a0gada apr\u012b\u013ca informat\u012bvaj\u0101 dokument\u0101 par \u0161o t\u0113mu, no kura \u0161eit ir fragments (neofici\u0101ls tulkojums):<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cTas, vai \u0101rvalstu korpor\u0101cijai, kas atrodas \u0101rpus Amerikas Savienotaj\u0101m Valst\u012bm, bet sniedz pakalpojumus Amerikas Savienotaj\u0101s Valst\u012bs, ir pietiekami daudz kontaktu ar Amerikas Savienotaj\u0101m Valst\u012bm, lai t\u0101 b\u016btu pak\u013cauta ASV jurisdikcijai, ir faktiem specifisks p\u0113t\u012bjums, kas ir atkar\u012bgs no korpor\u0101cijas kontaktu ar Amerikas Savienotaj\u0101m Valst\u012bm rakstura, kvantit\u0101tes un kvalit\u0101tes.\u201d<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Jo apzin\u0101t\u0101k uz\u0146\u0113mums ir v\u0113rsis savu r\u012bc\u012bbu uz Amerikas Savienotaj\u0101m Valst\u012bm, jo liel\u0101ka iesp\u0113ja, ka tiesa atz\u012bs, ka uz\u0146\u0113mums ir pak\u013cauts ASV jurisdikcijai.<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Piem\u0113ram, ASV tiesas, piem\u0113rojot \u0161o anal\u012bzi civilliet\u0101s, kas saist\u012btas ar t\u012bmek\u013ca vietn\u0113m, ir koncentr\u0113ju\u0161\u0101s uz vietnes mijiedarb\u012bbas pak\u0101pi ar klientiem to jurisdikcij\u0101, \u0146emot v\u0113r\u0101 t\u0101dus faktorus k\u0101 t\u012bmek\u013ca vietnes funkcija un meh\u0101nika, jebk\u0101da \u012bpa\u0161a klientu reklam\u0113\u0161ana, uz\u0146\u0113m\u0113jdarb\u012bbas piesaiste, izmantojot vietni, un klientu faktisk\u0101 lieto\u0161ana.\u00a0<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u0160\u0101da interpret\u0101cija potenci\u0101li pak\u013cauj \u013coti lielu skaitu Eiropas uz\u0146\u0113mumu ASV juridisk\u0101m pras\u012bb\u0101m, pat ja datub\u0101zes atrodas Eirop\u0101. Tom\u0113r saska\u0146\u0101 ar GDPR 48. pantu \u0101rvalsts ties\u012bbu akti nevar b\u016bt pietiekams juridiskais pamats personas datu nos\u016bt\u012b\u0161anai \u0161\u012bs valsts iest\u0101d\u0113m.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

GDPR tekst\u0101 ir skaidri noteikts, ka \u0161\u0101da datu p\u0101rs\u016bt\u012b\u0161ana var notikt tikai starptautiska nol\u012bguma, piem\u0113ram, savstarp\u0113jas tiesisk\u0101s pal\u012bdz\u012bbas nol\u012bguma, ietvaros.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u0160\u012b principa m\u0113r\u0137is ir nodro\u0161in\u0101t gan p\u0101rs\u016bt\u012bto datu aizsardz\u012bbu, gan minim\u0101lu juridisko dro\u0161\u012bbu.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

K\u0101di risin\u0101jumi?<\/p>\n\n\n\n

No politisk\u0101 viedok\u013ca, pirmk\u0101rt, atz\u012bm\u0113sim, ka Eiropas Komisija pa\u0161laik risina sarunas ar Amerikas Savienotaj\u0101m Valst\u012bm par nol\u012bgumu, kura m\u0113r\u0137is ir atvieglot piek\u013cuvi elektroniskajiem pier\u0101d\u012bjumiem krimin\u0101lizmekl\u0113\u0161an\u0101, savuk\u0101rt Eiropas Padome izstr\u0101d\u0101 otro protokolu Budape\u0161tas konvencijai par kibernoziegumiem... divi teksti, kas preciz\u0113tu tiesisko regul\u0113jumu attiec\u012bb\u0101 uz \u0161o datu nos\u016bt\u012b\u0161anu saska\u0146\u0101 ar Eiropas ties\u012bbu aktiem.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Konkr\u0113t\u0101k, M\u0101ko\u0146dato\u0161anas likums paredz, ka uz\u0146\u0113mums, kas saskaras ar ties\u012bbu normu kol\u012bziju, var atsaukties uz ties\u012bbu aktiem, kuriem tas ir pak\u013cauts, \u0161aj\u0101 gad\u012bjum\u0101 GDPR, lai apstr\u012bd\u0113tu Amerikas piepras\u012bjumu ("b\u016btisks \u0101rvalstu ties\u012bbu aktu p\u0101rk\u0101puma risks").<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Tom\u0113r tas ietver proced\u016bras, kas var izr\u0101d\u012bties ilgas un d\u0101rgas, bez skaidr\u012bbas par to izn\u0101kumu.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Praks\u0113 datu aizsardz\u012bbai var veikt tehniskus pas\u0101kumus, iedvesmojoties no Eiropas Datu aizsardz\u012bbas komitejas ieteikumiem.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Datu glab\u0101\u0161ana Eirop\u0101, datu nesaglab\u0101\u0161ana "skaidr\u0101 veid\u0101", \u012bpa\u0161i \u0161ifr\u0113\u0161anas pas\u0101kumi, piem\u0113ram, tie, ko EDAU s\u012bki aprakst\u012bjis sav\u0101 2021.\u00a0gada j\u016bnija atzinum\u0101 par datu p\u0101rs\u016bt\u012b\u0161anas r\u012bkiem \u0101rpus Eiropas Savien\u012bbas (30.\u00a0lpp.), un \u0161ifr\u0113\u0161anas atsl\u0113gu saglab\u0101\u0161ana Eiropas Savien\u012bb\u0101.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

CLOUD likums neaizliedz \u0161ifr\u0113\u0161anu (lai gan Amerikas Savienot\u0101s Valstis pieprasa uz\u0146\u0113mumiem sadarboties ar vald\u012bbas iest\u0101d\u0113m \u0161aj\u0101 jaut\u0101jum\u0101) un neie\u0146em nost\u0101ju par tre\u0161o pu\u0161u valstu at\u0161ifr\u0113\u0161anas noteikumiem.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Visbeidzot, piebild\u012bsim, ka pirmos Eiropas m\u0101ko\u0146us nesen ir apstiprin\u0101ju\u0161as Eiropas datu aizsardz\u012bbas iest\u0101des: pag\u0101ju\u0161aj\u0101 pavasar\u012b CNIL apstiprin\u0101ja pirmo Eiropas r\u012bc\u012bbas kodeksu, kas velt\u012bts m\u0101ko\u0146infrastrukt\u016bras pakalpojumu sniedz\u0113jiem.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

T\u0101 ar\u012b tikko ir apstiprin\u0101jusi Nacion\u0101lo metrolo\u0123ijas un test\u0113\u0161anas laboratoriju (LNE) un Bureau Veritas Italia Spa, lai veiktu p\u0101rbaudes par atbilst\u012bbu \u0161im r\u012bc\u012bbas kodeksam.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Neuzskatot "piln\u012bgi lok\u0101lu" par absol\u016btu panaceju, Eiropas m\u0101ko\u0146iem ir t\u0101da priek\u0161roc\u012bba, ka tie pied\u0101v\u0101 liel\u0101ku juridisko dro\u0161\u012bbu, kam\u0113r starptautisks nol\u012bgums nav preciz\u0113jis situ\u0101ciju.<\/u><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Un ar\u012b<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Francija:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

CNIL ir ofici\u0101li pazi\u0146ojusi uz\u0146\u0113mumam. Francetest<\/strong> lai nodro\u0161in\u0101tu vesel\u012bbas datu (skr\u012bninga testu) dro\u0161\u012bbu, ko t\u0101 v\u0101c aptieku v\u0101rd\u0101. T\u0101 ir ar\u012b sazin\u0101jusies ar vair\u0101k nek\u0101 300 aptiek\u0101m, lai p\u0101rbaud\u012btu to atbilst\u012bbu GDPR.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Iest\u0101de oktobra s\u0101kum\u0101 ar\u012b public\u0113ja informat\u012bvais dokuments par datiem un maks\u0101jumu metod\u0113m<\/strong>un sabiedrisko apsprie\u0161anu par darb\u0101 pie\u0146em\u0161anas rokasgr\u0101matas projektu.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Visbeidzot, CNIL p\u0113ta iesp\u0113ju, ka Sejas atpaz\u012b\u0161anas izmanto\u0161ana Olimpiskaj\u0101s sp\u0113l\u0113s<\/strong> no 2024. gada.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Eiropa<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

N\u012bderlandes Datu aizsardz\u012bbas iest\u0101de<\/strong> 21. oktobr\u012b Apvienot\u0101 Karaliste noraid\u012bja l\u016bgumu at\u013caut iek\u013caut melnaj\u0101 sarakst\u0101 aizdom\u0101s tur\u0113tos kr\u0101p\u0161anas gad\u012bjumus telekomunik\u0101ciju un tie\u0161saistes maks\u0101jumu jom\u0101.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Sp\u0101nijas iest\u0101de<\/strong> sod\u012bja personu, kas atbild\u012bga par biometrisk\u0101s identifik\u0101cijas sist\u0113mas ievie\u0161anu darba viet\u0101 bez iepriek\u0161\u0113ja ietekmes nov\u0113rt\u0113juma, ar 16\u00a0000 eiro naudas sodu.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

P\u0113c dro\u0161\u012bbas p\u0101rk\u0101puma saist\u012bb\u0101 ar Clearview m\u0101ksl\u012bg\u0101 intelekta sejas atpaz\u012b\u0161anas sist\u0113mas izmanto\u0161anu,Somijas Datu aizsardz\u012bbas iest\u0101de <\/strong>uzskat\u012bja, ka policija \u0161o programmat\u016bru ir izmantojusi bez likum\u012bga pamata, un lika tai iev\u0113rot likumu un inform\u0113t attiec\u012bg\u0101s personas.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Var\u0161avas apgabala administrat\u012bv\u0101 tiesa<\/strong> uzskat\u012bja par nelikum\u012bgu, ka banka apstr\u0101d\u0101 personas datus, pamatojoties uz GDPR 6. panta 1. punkta f) apak\u0161punktu (intere\u0161u l\u012bdzsvaro\u0161ana), tikai to iesp\u0113jam\u0101s lietder\u012bbas n\u0101kotn\u0113 d\u0113\u013c. Valsts l\u0113mumu avots: gdprhub<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Amazon ir nosl\u0113dzis l\u012bgumu ar Britu slepenais dienests<\/strong> (GCHQ, MI5, MI6), ar kuru starpniec\u012bbu uz\u0146\u0113mums mitin\u0101s un veiks m\u0101ksl\u012bg\u0101 intelekta anal\u012bzes, izmantojot sensit\u012bvus datus no izl\u016bkdienestiem. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u0160veic\u0113<\/strong>Dro\u0161\u0101s zi\u0146ojumapmai\u0146as un VPN pakalpojums Proton 22. oktobr\u012b uzvar\u0113ja apel\u0101cij\u0101 pret tam noteikto pien\u0101kumu uzraudz\u012bt un uzglab\u0101t lietot\u0101ju datus.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Eiropas Parlaments<\/strong> 6. oktobr\u012b ASV Sen\u0101ts pie\u0146\u0113ma rezol\u016bciju, kas noraida sejas atpaz\u012b\u0161anas un m\u0101ksl\u012bg\u0101 intelekta paredzo\u0161\u0101s anal\u012bzes izmanto\u0161anu policijas darb\u0101.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Starptautisk\u0101s:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

43. datums Starptautisk\u0101 datu aizsardz\u012bbas iest\u0101\u017eu konference<\/strong> notika Mehiko un videokonferences veid\u0101 no 18. l\u012bdz 21. oktobrim.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Konferenc\u0113 tika pie\u0146emtas vair\u0101kas rezol\u016bcijas, tostarp viena par b\u0113rnu digit\u0101laj\u0101m ties\u012bb\u0101m un otra par ties\u012bbaizsardz\u012bbas iest\u0101\u017eu piek\u013cuvi priv\u0101t\u0101 sektora datiem.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Datu aizsardz\u012bbas iest\u0101de Dienvidkoreja<\/strong> iesaka izmaks\u0101t kompens\u0101ciju 257\u00a0ASV dol\u0101ru apm\u0113r\u0101 katram lietot\u0101jam, kura dati tika nepareizi nos\u016bt\u012bti tre\u0161aj\u0101m person\u0101m p\u0113c Facebook (Meta) dro\u0161\u012bbas p\u0101rk\u0101puma.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Anna Krist\u012bna Lakoste<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Olivier Weber Avocat partnere Anna Krist\u012bne Lakosta ir juriste, kas specializ\u0113jas datu ties\u012bb\u0101s; vi\u0146a bija Eiropas Datu aizsardz\u012bbas uzraudz\u012bt\u0101ja starptautisko attiec\u012bbu vad\u012bt\u0101ja un str\u0101d\u0101ja pie GDPR ievie\u0161anas Eiropas Savien\u012bb\u0101.<\/em><\/p>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t

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\n\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t<\/i>\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\tAtkl\u0101jiet Viqtor\u00ae<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

CLOUD likums un Eiropas uz\u0146\u0113mumi: k\u0101da ir t\u0101 piem\u0113ro\u0161anas joma? Legal Watch Nr.\u00a040\u00a0\u2013 2021.\u00a0gada oktobris CLOUD likums un Eiropas uz\u0146\u0113mumi: k\u0101da ir t\u0101 piem\u0113ro\u0161anas joma? Datu dematerializ\u0101cijai un to glab\u0101\u0161anai \u201cm\u0101ko\u0146os\u201d ir b\u016btiskas un sare\u017e\u0123\u012btas sekas attiec\u012bb\u0101 uz uz\u0146\u0113mumu saist\u012bb\u0101m. Pat tad, ja dati tiek glab\u0101ti [\u2026]<\/p>","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":5679,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"elementor_header_footer","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[35],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-5477","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-veille-juridique"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"\nLe CLOUD Act et les entreprises europ\u00e9ennes : quel champ d\u2019application ? - Viqtor<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Le CLOUD Act et les entreprises europ\u00e9ennes : quel champ d\u2019application ? 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